Bad Debt Auctions Surge as Banks Offload Corporate Non-Performing Loans

As the Lunar New Year approaches, the pace of non-performing loan (NPL) resolution intensifies across commercial banks. With numerous businesses struggling to secure funds for timely debt repayment, banks are increasingly resorting to auctioning off collateralized assets and debts to recover capital.

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Multiple Debts Under Hundred Billion Dong Up for Auction

Agribank Saigon Branch has announced its collaboration with the Ho Chi Minh City Asset Auction Service Center to auction off debts secured by assets from three companies: Lam San Production and Import-Export Joint Stock Company, Minh Quan Construction and Service Trading Joint Stock Company, and Toan Cau Processing and Trading Limited Liability Company.

According to the announcement, the total book value of these debts as of December 23, 2025, exceeds 168.9 billion dong, including both principal and interest. These loans are secured by multiple properties in central Ho Chi Minh City, including districts Binh Thanh and District 1 (now part of Binh Quoi, Saigon, and Tan Dinh wards).

The starting price for the debt is over 135.4 billion dong, with a deposit equivalent to 20% of the starting price. The auction is scheduled for January 13, 2026.

Simultaneously, Agribank Central Saigon Branch has also announced the auction of collateral assets from the Can Gio Brackish Water Treatment Plant. The assets include land use rights for over 12,800 square meters of commercial and production land in Binh Khanh Commune, Ho Chi Minh City, valid until 2056, along with the entire system of machinery, equipment, and the bottled water production line. The total starting price for all assets is over 75.4 billion dong, with land use rights accounting for more than 67.2 billion dong.

Numerous corporate debts amounting to hundreds of billions of dong are being auctioned.

Not just Agribank, several other major commercial banks are also auctioning large-scale debts. VietinBank Ba Dinh Branch recently announced the auction of a debt from Phuong Quang Import-Export Trading Joint Stock Company with a starting price of nearly 356 billion dong. This debt is secured by six properties that have completed notarization and collateral registration procedures, including four properties in Ho Chi Minh City with a total area of over 5,900 square meters and two land plots in Long An (now part of Tay Ninh Province) with an area of nearly 3,800 square meters.

Meanwhile, Vietcombank South Hanoi Branch announced the auction of a debt from Quang Minh Trading and Business Limited Liability Company with a starting price of 23.3 billion dong. The book value of the debt as of early November 2025 is 28.4 billion dong, including a principal debt of nearly 14 billion dong and the remainder as interest within and beyond the term. The debt is secured by land use rights and residential property in Hanoi under an individual’s name.

Vietcombank Thang Long Branch is also auctioning the entire debt receivable of Cuong Yen Trading and Service Limited Liability Company. The collateral includes land use rights and assets attached to the land at plot number 1A, map sheet number 7, located at 4, Alley 151, Doi Can Street, Doi Can Ward, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, with an area of 119.2 square meters. The starting price for the debt is over 4.8 billion dong.

Additionally, BIDV Ho Chi Minh City Branch announced the auction of collateral assets, including land use rights for an industrial zone and a geotechnical fabric production plant in Long Hau Commune, Can Giuoc District, Long An Province (now part of Tay Ninh Province). The assets include a land plot of 12,127 square meters, valid until 2057, and the VNT Geotechnical Fabric Production Plant along with auxiliary facilities. The starting price for all assets is 86.3 billion dong.

Expectations for Bad Debt Reduction in 2026?

The Monetary and Financial Policy Department of the State Bank of Vietnam recently released key findings from a business trend survey of credit institutions in the first quarter of 2026. The survey, conducted with 100% of credit institutions and foreign bank branches in Vietnam, presents a relatively positive outlook on the credit quality of the entire system in 2026.

According to the survey, credit institutions expect the non-performing loan ratio to average debt by the end of 2026 to decrease compared to the end of 2025. This is a notable signal given the banking system’s recent pressures from declining business activities, a sluggish real estate market, and weakened debt repayment capabilities among some customers.

Not only is there an expectation of reduced bad debt, but credit institutions also predict that customer risk levels will continue to decrease in the first quarter of 2026 and remain stable throughout the year. This assessment reflects expectations of improved cash flow for businesses, a recovery in consumer demand, and the effectiveness of debt restructuring and bad debt handling measures implemented over the past period.

The survey results also indicate that, alongside credit growth targets, banks are becoming more cautious in risk management.

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