The Top 10 Manufacturing-Dependent Economies: A Tale of Two Giants, Vietnam and China

As of 2023, according to data from the World Bank, the following bar graph illustrates the top 10 economies where the manufacturing sector plays the most significant role.

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In the top 50 economies of the world, services is the sector that contributes the most to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In contrast, manufacturing takes center stage in many developing economies.

Based on data from the World Bank up to 2023, the infographic below presents the top 10 economies with the highest contribution from manufacturing.

*Puerto Rico is a US Commonwealth territory. Figures are rounded.

Puerto Rico tops the list with 46% of its GDP derived from manufacturing. Ireland follows closely with a 34% share, with both economies heavily reliant on the pharmaceutical industry.

As a US territory, Puerto Rico contributed nearly 20% to America’s $66 billion pharmaceutical exports in 2020. Ireland, on the other hand, has attracted pharmaceutical companies since the 1960s to produce active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Today, it is a leading vaccine exporter.

The infographic also highlights the presence of five Asian economies in the top 10. Unsurprisingly, China, dubbed the “world’s factory,” secures the fourth spot. South Korea, a powerhouse in electronics manufacturing, ranks seventh.

Since the 2010s, several Asian economies, including Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam, have emerged as new manufacturing hubs, with the sector contributing over 20% to their respective GDPs.

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